By the manell build



Nov. 2o, 192s, JY EISENMANN Re. 17.137

BUILDING BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION Drginal Filed March 19. 1920 4 Sheets sheet l Avro/:ws s

` J. EISENMANN NOV. 20, 1928. Re. 17,137 BUILDING BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION Original Filed March 19, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 9' Nov. 2o, 192s. J' E'SENM^NN Re. 117,137

BUILDING BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION Original Filed March 19. 1920 4'SheetsSheet 0 N0v.2o ,'1928. J ESENM^NN Re.17,137

BUILDING BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION origina Filed Maron 19. 1920 4 Sheetsheet 4.

AReis'sued Nov. 20, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.`

JOHN EISENMANN, DEGEASED, LATE OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, BY THE MANELL BUILD- ING BLOCK & TILE COMPANY, ASSIGNEE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

BUILDING :BLOCKy AND CONSTRUCTION.

Original No. 1,456,373,

This invention relates to hollow blocks for use in building walls, and an object of the improvement is to provide a block of such dimensions, as compared with the dimensions 'of an ordinary building brick, that the block can be substituted for the same as a backing or innerlining or filling in a brick faced wall, so as to reduce the weight of the wall and at the same time form a better protection for the interior of the building against the action loi the wind, frost, iire,'water and other elements. f

" A more immediate objectof the invention is to provide a block of such Iproportions that may be used to form a perfect bond, with ,locked and broken joints, in any common standard brick faced wall laid up in regular courses, and requiring a six course English bond. 'Y

2 i The objects of the invention are attained ,i by making a standard block with one bearing sidel formed inthe same plane the full width of. the block, and with afull height or depth o'n one side substantially equal to a certain number of courses, say three courses of ordi# nary buildingr brick less one mortar joinband by forming a longitudinal offset in the other bearing side of the block, as-deep as haltl the depth of one course of the brick. l

The width of the block may be and usually is equal to the length of the ordinary brick, and the width of the oi'l'set may be and usually is equal to the width of a brick, plus the;

thickness of a normal mortar joint; thus making the width of the bearing face on the high side of the bl`o`ck equal-to the width of an ordinary brick.

On'eor more auxiliary blocks may be used with the standard blocks for filling a double 40 :faced wall, and for starting the bases and for finishing the tops of all kinds of walls; each ""auxiliary block having a like oiiset in one bearing side and a like differential in the height or depth of the sides, one of the auxiliary blocks being preferably made with'a. maximum height of two land one half courses on its higher side, and another one being preferably made. with a height of one and one-haii` courses on its higher side.

The standard and auxiliary blocks may also be made or broken to form stub blocks having .af less Width on the offset side, for

dated May 22, 1923, Serial No 367,064, le'd March 19, 1920. Application for reissue filed September 29, 1928 Serial No. 309,281.

use in building hollow walls and also for illingdouble faced walls of extra thickness.

Various embodiments ofI the invention, as used in the construction of walls having a six course English bond ofordinary brick, are lllustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is a section of a brick faced, block backed wall, lined with three course standard blocks, showing the wall started with a one and one-half course auxiliary block and iinished with a two and one half course auxiliary block;

Fig. 2, al section of a double faced brick wall with a filling made of three course standard blocks combined with two and one half course auxiliary blocks; 1

-1 Fig. 3, a detached perspective view of a three course standard block;

VFlg. 4, a' like vview of a two and one half course auxiliary block;

Fig. 5, a like view of a one and one-half course auxiliary block; 4

Fig. 6, a` section of a'brick faced, block backed wall, lined with three course standard stub blocks, showing the wall started with a two and one half course auxiliary block, and finished with a one and one half course auxili ary block;

Fig. 7, a section of a double faced brick wall of extra thickness, filled with two and onehalf course auxiliary stub blocks;

Flg. 8, a perspective view showing the preyferred method of making three course standard stub blocks, and

Fig. 9, a like view of a two and one half course auxiliary stub block made by breaking I off one side of a. like auxiliary block.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings. p

Each standard block 10, is made with a height or depth on one side equal to three full courses of the ordinary brick 12, less one mortar joint; and the other side 13, being made with a height or depth equal to two and one half courses of thc ordinary brick 12, less one mortar joint.

, The width or thickness of the base or body 14 of the block is equal to the stretcher length' of the ordinary brick 12', andthe depth of the offset 15 in the top of the block is equal to one half the depth of one course of the ordinary brick, including one mortar joint; the width of the offset at which bonds with the header bricks being equal to the width of the ordinary brick, plus the thickness of a normal mortar joint.

The auxiliary blocks 16 and 17, are made with a height or depth on one side, 18 and 19 respectively, /e'qual to two and one half and one and one half courses of ordinary brick, less the moieties of mortar joints above and below the blocks, and each auxiliary block is made with an offset in its upper side exactly be desired.

The blocks are all preferably made with upright partition webs 20, 2 0' and 20", in line with the offset walls 21 in one of the bearing sides; and also with additional upright webs 22, 22', 22", which may be located substantially midway between the offset walls and the inner Walls of the blocks. i

The standard blocks and the larger auxiliary bloc-ks are also provided with transverse partition webs 23 and 23', which are preferably located just above the median line 24-24 of the higher side of the standard block 10, and at the same distance below the top of the auxiliary block 16; so that the auxiliary block 17 may be formed by breaking off the lower portion of either one of the larger blocks just below the transverse partition; thus againillustrating the fact that all the blocks are made alike in their offset portions, the depth of the lower portions being varied in accordancewith the exigencies o f use..

The smaller auxiliary blocks 17 may be formed ina .brick machine, but are preferably made byf--breaking olf the lower portion of `the larger auxiliary blocks 16, on the line 24'24' just below the transverse partition 23 thereof vand for that purpose the upright webs of the larger auxiliary blocks may be weakened by forming the grooves 25 in the plane of the line 24'-24'; as shown in Fig. 4.

The standard' and lauxiliary stub blocks maybe formed in a brick machine, or may be made by breaking off the outer side of the ordinary blocks just inside of the upright partitions 22, 22', and 22 thereof, so as to reduce the width of the stub block to about three fourths thewidth of the ordinary blocks, as shown for `the larger auxiliary block, in

Fig. 9.

The standard stub blocks 10a are preferably formed double in a brick machine, as shown in Fig. 8, andmay be Wire cut on line 26-26 bricks. Y

An ordinary Wall having twovfaces of brick when emerging from the machine; or they may be broken apart on the same line after .the double blocks have been dried and burned. f

portion of the ordinary auxiliary/blocks onA lines 28', 28", as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; and for this purpose the grooves 29 and 29" are preferably provided inthe plane of these lines for weakening the transverse webs o f the y blocks.

It is evident that by breaking the ordinary lar er auxiliary blocks 16 as described, for ma ing the smaller auxiliary blocks, and also the larger and smaller auxiliary stub blocks, it is only necessary to make and carry in stock the ordinary larger auxiliary blocks along with the double and single standard blocks; and that the standard blocks need never be broken for making the other forms of blocks.

Invbuilding an ordinary wall, the one and one half course auxiliary block 17 is used right side up when the wall is started with a single base stretcher course of ordinary brick A12, as shown in Fig. 1; and the two andone half course auxiliary block 16 is used When the wall is started with two stretcher courses of the ordinary bric-k 12, as shown in Fig. 2; and in each case the lower half of the first header row of the ordinary bricks 12' extends into the offset portion of the auxiliary block as shown in both figures.

In a wall with a single facel of ordinary 'brick as shown in Fig. 1, the five stretcher courses of the face brick are laid in the usual manner, and these courses are backed by two standard blocks, the lower one being inverted so that its offset portion bears upon the inner end of the first course of header bricks 1'2' to make a bond therewith.

The same arrangement of blocks and bricks is continued upward until it is desired to form a finishing or a coping'course, ifn 'which event a two and one half course auxiliary block 16 may be inverted with its offset portion'uponl one end lof the last header. course of the ory dinary brick 12', thus permitting the use of a sill-30 having the depth of two courses of may be laid with an interior hollow block filling by combining a reversed and inverted auxiliary block 16,. with a standard block 10, for filling the inside of each six courses of the ordinary face brick as shown inFig. 2; and this arrangement Ymay be duplicated until the top of the Wall is reached. An extra thick double faced wall may be laid with an interior hollow block filling, by using the shown in Fig. 7. Finally,an ordinary wall larger auxiliary stub blocks in successive normal, reversed and inverted arrangement, as

may be lined with standard stub blocks, to

'when used either for backing or for filling a brick faced wall, itis evident that'the horizontal mortar joints` are always broken; that is to say, the mortar joint between the bases of the superposed blocks are always located opposite the middle of the corresponding stretcher c'ourseof ordinary brick;v and the mortar joint between the offset ends of the blocks always come opposite the middle of the corresponding header or bond course of the ordinary brick in the face of the wall; so that there is always a break in the horizontal Inortar joint between the courses of the bricks and the courses of the blocks, and in no case' is there a horizontal mortar joint extending continuously through the wall.

l. 'A backing walls, said block having the full width of one bearing side formed in the same plane, and an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to half the depth of one course of the brick including one mortar joint.

2. A acking or filling block for brick walls, said block having the full width of one bearing side formed in the same plane, and an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to h'alf the depth of one course of the brick, the full height of the blocks being substantially equal to the depth of a certain number of courses of the brick.

A backing or filling block for brick walls, said block having the full width of one bearing side formed in the same plane, and an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to half the depth of one course'of the brick, the full height of the block being equal to the depth of three full courses of the brick less one mortarjoint.

4. A backing or filling block for brick walls, said block having the full width of one bearing side formed in the same plane, and an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to half the depth of one course of the brick,V

the width of the bearing on the higher side of the block being equal to the width of a brick. 5; A backing or filling block for brick A walls, said block having the full width of one bearing side formed in the same plane and an offset in the other bearing side correspondlng to half'the depth of one course of the brick,

the width of the odset being equal to theu width joint.

6. A backing. or filling block for brick of the brick vplus a normal mortar walls, said block having the full width of one 4bearing side formedin/the same plane, and an offset inthe other bearing side corresponding to half the depth of one course of, the brick, the width of the block corresponding to the 'or ailingy 111001; for brick.

inner ends of the bricks in the header courses.

8. l/Vall construction comprising a face of bricks laid with single header courses between five stretcher courses, and a backing of blocks each of which with one mortar' joint is three brick courses high, and each block having one bearing side flat and an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to half the height of one course of the brick, the offsets formlng a bond with the inner ends of the bricks in the header courses.

9. l/Vall construction comprising a face-of.

bricks laid with single header courses between a plurality of stretcher courses, and a backing of blocks having one bearing side flat and an offset in the other bearing side correspondingqto halfl the height of one course of the brick, the offsets forming a/r bond with the inner ends of the bricks in the header courses, the blocks being arranged in pairs of which one block is generally above and the other generally below each header course.

l0. Wall construction comprising a face of bricks laid with singlek header courses between a plurality of-stretcher courses, and a backing of' blocks having one bearing side flatand an offset in the other bearing side corresponding to half the height of one course of the brick, the off-sets forming-a bond with the inner ends of the bricks in the header courses, the blocks being arranged in pairs of which one block is generallyv above and the other generally below each header course, the blocks of a pair abutting along a horizontal mortar joint which substantiallyvbisects the header course,

pairs above and below along horizontal mor- '110 vand each pair of blocks being bonded to like i tar joints which substantially bisect the between header courses. 4

- l1. A Wall constructlon colnprlsing a brick stretcher course of bricks-which ismidway facing part arranged with a plurality ',o

stretcher courses between header courses and a hollow tile back-up part into which the inner ends of the bricks in the header 'course-extend, i said hollow tile back-up part. being 'formed of like `blocks each having one horizontal surfaceformed with a step port-ion egual in depth to half` the height of a course o brick including one mortar joint, the tile blocks in the wall being arrangedf in pairs with 'the blocks of ea'ch pair in juxtaposition with the stepped portions of the pairs of blocks bonding the upper-andA lower surfaces of the inner ends 'of the header bricks in a given header course, each pair of blocks being disposed between like pairs above and below which pairs in turn bond between them the inner ends of header bricks in a similar manner, the said pairs bearing upon each other with horizontal mortar beds in one plane between pairs of blocks, which planes substanf tiallj7 bisectl a st-retcher course of brick, the

vertical displacement of each pair. 'of blocks including the mortar joint opposite the header course being equal to the sum of the thicknesses of one more than the number of bricks in the stretcher courses between adjacent header courses plus as many mortar joints less one.

12. A composite brick and hollow tile Iwall comprising a hollow tile part and a brick facing part including courses of header bric-k extending into thetile part and five courses of stretcher brick laid between adjacent header courses and disposed without the tile part, said hollow tile part comprising lblocks all shaped alike and each having horizontal bearin portions formed with Aan offset equal` to ha fthe height of one course of brick and each block having amaximum height equal to the thickness of three brick plus two mortar joints, said blocks beingarranged in verticaly disposed pairs with the-odset bearing portions of adjacent blocks facing each other and bonding the upper and lower faces of the in-` ner ends ofthe header brick between them and having between them a mortar joint opposite the header bricks, each pair of tile blocks being disposed between likev pairs joints in the same horizontal plane, which pairs of blocks in turn have bonded, between them theinner ends of the lnext adjacent header courses of brick, the vertical height of each pair of blocks lus the mortar joint opposite the header bric being equal to the thickness lof six brick plus five mortar joints, every header course in the wall'being bonded between separate and distinct pairs of blocks and every separate pair of blocks embracing a distinct header course' of brick.

THE MANELL BUlLDlN G BLOCK & TILE COMPANY, lAssgnor of John Eisenmann, Deceased, By RALPH W. EDWARDS,

Vice-President.

35 above and below and bearing along mortar 

